How to Study in Germany: Your Complete Guide to Requirements, Costs, Universities, Scholarships, and the Visa Process

Germany is a top destination for international students because of its strong universities, vibrant research landscape, and a growing number of English-taught degrees. This guide lays out what you need to apply—academic eligibility, how to prove language skills, and country-specific checks like the APS where relevant—and shows how to compare foreign qualifications using credential databases. You’ll also get a straightforward breakdown of tuition and living costs, how a blocked account works for visa financial proof, and a city-by-city cost snapshot to help build a realistic budget. Later sections walk you through the student visa steps, spotlight major scholarship routes such as DAAD, and explain post-study options like the job-seeking residence permit and the EU Blue Card. Practical checklists, comparison tables, and step-by-step sequences help you move from planning to action. Read on to map requirements, costs, universities, scholarships, visa steps, and career paths after graduation.

What Are the Requirements to Study in Germany for International Students?

To apply to German universities you need to confirm three essentials: academic eligibility, language ability, and formal recognition of your credentials. These factors determine whether you can apply straight to a degree program or need a preparatory route. Typical admissions requirements include a recognized university entrance qualification, language test results (German or English depending on the program), and proof that prior degrees meet German equivalence standards. Some countries require additional checks such as APS certification—these country-specific steps can affect timing. Below are the main entry items to prepare before you apply.

• Academic qualification or university entrance certificate recognized as equivalent in Germany.
• Proof of language proficiency in German or English as required by the program.
• Credential recognition via national databases or country-specific certification where applicable.
• Proof of funds and any visa documents required for non‑EU applicants.

These checklist points are the foundation of a successful application. The sections that follow walk you through degree equivalence checks and how to choose the right language test.

What Academic Qualifications Do You Need to Study in Germany?

German higher education bases entry on the Hochschulzugangsberechtigung (HZB) — the equivalent of a German university entrance qualification. You should check whether your secondary diploma or earlier degree grants direct access to bachelor’s or master’s programs, or whether you’ll need a Studienkolleg preparatory year. Universities and applicants commonly use the Anabin database to assess foreign degrees and confirm equivalence. Clarifying your HZB status early helps you pick programs with the correct entry routes and prevents avoidable delays in admissions.

How to Prove Language Proficiency for German Universities?

Language rules depend on the program’s language of instruction. German-taught programs usually ask for TestDaF or DSH; English-taught courses typically accept IELTS or TOEFL with set minimum scores. Some universities also accept evidence that your previous degree was taught in English instead of a test result. Check each program’s page for exact score requirements (common baselines for English masters are IELTS 6.5–7.0 or TOEFL iBT 85–100) and mind test validity windows when planning exams. Scheduling language tests early ensures results arrive before application deadlines and reduces last-minute stress.

What Is the APS Certificate and Who Needs It?

The APS certificate is a document‑verification procedure required for applicants from certain countries to confirm the authenticity and equivalence of academic records. If your country is on the APS list, expect document translation, notarization, and a review or interview as part of the process; an APS confirmation is then issued for use with universities and immigration authorities. Because APS processing can add several weeks to your timeline, start this early and check your national APS office for exact steps and required documents.

How Much Does It Cost to Study in Germany? Tuition Fees and Living Expenses Explained

Budgeting for study in Germany means knowing the difference between public and private institutions, typical semester contributions, and monthly living costs that vary by city. Many public universities charge little or no tuition for bachelor’s and for many master’s programs, though you’ll usually pay a semester contribution; some federal states may levy tuition for non‑EU students. Living costs—rent, food, transport, insurance—are the basis for visa financial proof: for 2025 the blocked account guideline is €11,904 per year, or €992 per month. Below are average monthly cost figures and a short city comparison to help you plan.

• Most public universities have low-to-no tuition; semester contributions generally cover administration and local transport passes.
• Use the €992/month benchmark for visa planning and personal budgeting, but expect city-by-city differences.
• Private universities charge tuition that varies widely—include program fees in your budget calculations.
• Save where possible with student housing, semester tickets, and cooking meals at home.

With these points in mind, the next section compares typical student expenses across major German cities.

Housing and transport costs differ by location, so the table below gives a quick snapshot of estimated monthly student budgets in key cities.

This comparison shows clear variation: large southern cities like Munich tend to be more expensive, while medium-sized and eastern cities can be notably cheaper. Use this when matching program choice with your budget.

Are Public Universities in Germany Tuition-Free for International Students?

At many public universities, tuition is waived for bachelor’s programs and a large number of master’s degrees, reflecting public funding of higher education. There are exceptions—some federal states or specialized programs may charge tuition for non‑EU students or certain professional degrees—so check the specific program page for fees. Even where tuition is waived, semester contributions normally apply and typically range from around €100 to €400 per semester depending on the institution. Knowing these norms helps you compare direct academic costs with private university fee structures.

What Are the Average Living Costs for Students in Different German Cities?

Rent and transport drive the biggest differences in living costs, though food, health insurance, study materials, and incidentals also matter. While the visa benchmark is €992/month (2025), real monthly costs can run from roughly €700 in lower-cost towns to more than €1,400 in expensive cities like Munich. Student housing options and semester tickets are two practical ways to cut expenses, and student public insurance rates are often cheaper than private alternatives. When choosing a university, balance program quality with local living costs—location has a major impact on your overall budget and daily life.

How Does the Blocked Account Work for Proof of Financial Resources?

A blocked account (Sperrkonto) is the most common way for non‑EU student visa applicants to show they have the funds to live in Germany; the standard amount is €992/month or €11,904/year as of 2025. You deposit the required annual sum into a designated blocked account—funds are released monthly so you can cover living costs while larger withdrawals remain restricted. Other acceptable proofs may include confirmed scholarship letters, notarized parental sponsorship, or bank guarantees; consular rules vary, so check your embassy’s guidance. Open a blocked account early and use a reputable provider to avoid processing delays that could impact your visa timeline.

Once you’ve assessed costs and financial proof options, the next step is choosing universities and programs that match your academic goals and budget.

Which Are the Best Universities in Germany for International Students?

“Best” depends on what you value: public versus private, availability of English‑taught programs, departmental strength in fields like engineering or humanities, and semester fees that affect affordability. Technical universities and large research universities frequently lead in engineering, natural sciences, and economics, while private institutions often offer specialized professional programs with clearer industry links but higher fees. International students commonly prioritize English‑taught master’s options, active international offices, and city living costs when comparing schools. The table below highlights representative attributes to help you shortlist institutions that fit your career goals and budget.

This view shows public universities usually keep tuition low while private providers offer niche programs at higher cost. Compare program fit, location, and fees to make an informed shortlist.

What Are the Top-Ranked Public and Private Universities in Germany?

Top public universities in Germany are known for strong engineering, science, and research output, making them attractive to international applicants seeking rigorous technical training and research opportunities. Private universities tend to emphasize professional degrees, closer industry ties, and accelerated formats—options that may suit career-focused students despite higher tuition. Rankings are a useful signal, but also weigh program content, language of instruction, scholarship availability, and international support services when making your choice.

Which Degree Programs Are Offered in English for International Students?

English-taught programs are most common at the master's level in STEM, business, and computer science, reflecting global demand and the language used in many research fields. Bachelor’s programs in English are growing but remain less common; if you want an English undergraduate degree, look specifically for those newer offerings. Always confirm program language on university pages, check course catalogs, or contact international offices to see if prior English study can substitute for test scores. While many programs are accessible without full German fluency, learning German will help daily life and improve job prospects.

How to Compare Universities Based on Tuition, Location, and Programs?

Use a simple comparison checklist: tuition or semester fees, language of instruction, local living costs, scholarship opportunities, and the academic department’s reputation. Prioritize curriculum fit, faculty expertise, internships or research openings, and the international office’s help with visa and housing. Build a table listing these attributes for each school you’re considering—this clarifies trade-offs and supports a reasoned decision that balances academic fit with real-world constraints like budget and post‑study work options.

How to Apply for a Germany Student Visa: Step-by-Step Process and Requirements

Applying for a German student visa means assembling verified documents, booking an embassy or consulate appointment, and allowing time for regional processing variability. Start after you receive an admission offer, then gather passport, proof of funds (blocked account or scholarship confirmation), health insurance, and academic records with certified translations if needed. The numbered sequence below outlines the main steps and typical timing to help you prepare efficiently.

1. Collect mandatory documents: passport, admission letter, proof of funds, and health insurance.
2. Book an appointment at the relevant embassy or consulate and arrange certified translations if required.
3. Submit the visa application in person, pay the consular fee, and provide biometric data when requested.
4. Monitor processing times and reply quickly to any additional requests from the consular office.
5. When approved, arrange travel and register your address promptly after arrival to convert the entry visa into a residence permit.

Following these steps reduces surprises and helps you meet university enrollment deadlines.

Below is a practical table linking each common visa document to its purpose and where to obtain it.

Collect originals, certified translations, and any needed apostilles well before your appointment to avoid delays in processing.

What Documents Are Required for the German Student Visa Application?

The core visa documents are a valid passport, the university admission letter, proof of funds (blocked account, scholarship confirmation, or guarantee), and health insurance covering your stay. You may also need certified transcripts, language certificates, a CV, and a motivation letter if requested by the university or consulate. Foreign documents usually require certified translations into German (or sometimes English) and may need notarization or an apostille depending on the issuing country. Organize everything ahead of time and follow the embassy checklist to present a complete application.

Immigration of International Students to Germany: Legal Framework and Practical Measures

Recent years have seen a rise in study-related immigration to Germany. This study reviews the legal framework and practical measures used to attract students from third countries, analyzes residence permit statistics for study purposes, and discusses how federal, state, and institutional measures have supported internationalization. Policy changes in recent years have generally eased some requirements to make Germany more attractive to foreign students, with practical steps taken by states and universities to support enrollment and retention.

Immigration of International Students from Third Countries: Study by the German National Contact Point for the European Migration Network (EMN), S Yamamura, 2011

How Long Does the Student Visa Process Take and Where to Apply?

Processing times vary—from a few weeks to several months—depending on consulate workload, your country of residence, and whether your documents are complete. Apply at the German embassy or consulate that covers your legal residence; some locations let you book appointments online while others require direct contact. The best practice is to apply as soon as you have your admission letter and well before the university enrollment deadline, leaving buffer time for document requests or APS checks if needed. Early planning and timely appointment booking reduce pre‑departure stress.

Attracting and Retaining International Students in Germany: Policy, Challenges, and Strategies

This study examines policies and practical strategies for attracting and retaining international students, identifying stakeholders, challenges, and measures at federal, state, and university levels. It highlights the view of international students as potential skilled workers and notes policy adjustments in recent years intended to simplify residence rules and strengthen pathways from study to employment.

Attracting and Retaining International Students in Germany: Study by the German National Contact Point for the European Migration Network (EMN), P Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik, 2019

How to Convert a Student Visa to a Residence Permit After Arrival?

After you arrive, register your address at the local Bürgeramt and schedule an appointment with the Ausländerbehörde to apply for a residence permit—this typically happens in the first few weeks after arrival. Bring passport, biometric photos, proof of enrollment, health insurance, and financial evidence; some offices also ask for tenancy or registration certificates. Processing times vary by local authority, and you may receive temporary stamps while the permit is issued. Register and book your Ausländerbehörde visit promptly to secure legal residency and access student services.

What Scholarships Are Available to Study in Germany for International Students?

Funding options in Germany include national programs, university scholarships, foundation support, and work‑study possibilities. The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) is a key starting point for many international applicants, offering grants for full degrees, research stays, and mobility. Universities and foundations also award program-specific scholarships that help with living costs or private tuition. The short list below highlights common funding sources to explore as you build a funding strategy.

• DAAD programs and mobility grants for degree study and research stays.
• University scholarships and tuition waivers administered by international offices and faculties.
• Foundation and public-sector scholarships that are merit- or need-based.
• Industry-sponsored scholarships and paid internships linked to study programs.

These avenues form the basis for a targeted scholarship search; the next sections explain eligibility, timelines, and application preparation.

Which DAAD Scholarships Can International Students Apply For?

DAAD offers multiple funding lines for different stages: full master's scholarships, short research stays, PhD funding, and mobility grants for exchanges and internships. Eligibility and deadlines differ by program, so match your academic level and project to the right DAAD call. Common application elements include a structured CV, recommendation letters, a clear study or research plan, and proof of academic performance—start preparing these documents early. Track DAAD announcements and align funding applications with university timelines for a smoother admission-to-funding process.

What Other Scholarships and Financial Aid Options Exist in Germany?

Outside DAAD, look to university-level scholarships, political and private foundations, industry partners, and local municipal funds; these can be merit- or need-based, or tied to specific fields. Universities often offer tuition discounts, stipends, or paid research assistant roles that combine study and work. Part-time jobs, internships, and paid research roles complement scholarships by reducing living costs while building experience. Check university pages, foundation databases, and employer portals to find opportunities that may be less widely advertised.

How to Prepare a Successful Scholarship Application?

A strong scholarship application has a focused motivation letter, a clear CV highlighting academic and extracurricular strengths, and recommendation letters that speak to your potential and fit. Tailor each application to the funder’s criteria, give concrete examples of achievements or research interests, and meet every deadline and formal requirement. Build a timeline for gathering documents, scheduling tests, and requesting references to avoid last‑minute gaps. Early, targeted preparation improves your chances and fits into an overall funding plan.

What Are the Post-Study Work and Career Opportunities in Germany?

After graduation you can use an 18‑month job‑seeking residence permit, transition to work permits or the EU Blue Card if you meet salary and qualification thresholds, and leverage part‑time work during studies to build experience. Graduates from German institutions can apply for an 18‑month permit to look for employment related to their degree. The EU Blue Card is available to highly qualified non‑EU nationals who meet salary and qualification criteria and provides benefits like mobility and family reunification. Learn permitted work hours during study, how to convert post‑study permits into work-based residence, and which job search resources to use so you can plan the transition from study to career effectively.

How Long Can International Graduates Stay in Germany to Find a Job?

Graduates can typically request an 18‑month job‑seeking residence permit after finishing a degree at a German university, giving you time to look for work that matches your qualification. During this period you may take up employment within the permit rules, and once you have a suitable job you can apply for a work permit or the EU Blue Card depending on salary and job type. Converting the job‑seeking permit requires a formal job offer and employer documentation—apply promptly after you secure employment to avoid gaps in legal status. Knowing these timelines helps you plan networking and active job searching while you study.

What Is the EU Blue Card and How Can Graduates Obtain It?

The EU Blue Card is a residence permit for highly qualified non‑EU nationals that supports mobility and family reunification when salary thresholds and qualification rules are met. To qualify you need a recognized degree and a job offer that meets or exceeds the national salary threshold for the Blue Card (or a reduced threshold for shortage occupations); check current salary figures before applying. The Blue Card application includes submitting your contract, degree recognition (if required), health insurance proof, and residence documentation to the immigration authority. The Blue Card can expedite long‑term settlement and career growth in Germany.

How Can International Students Find Part-Time Jobs During Their Studies?

International students may work limited hours during term time and longer during semester breaks—common limits are up to 120 full days or 240 half days per year, but rules can vary by visa. Typical student roles include teaching or research assistantships, retail, hospitality, and internships tied to study programs. Use campus job portals, university career centers, local job boards, and networking events to find roles that build skills and support your studies. Balance work and academics carefully and follow permitted hour limits to protect your visa status. Early contact with career services and academic departments increases your chances of landing relevant assistant positions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the language requirements for studying in Germany?

Language requirements depend on the program’s language of instruction. For German-taught programs you’ll typically need TestDaF or DSH; for English programs, IELTS or TOEFL are commonly accepted, with minimum scores varying by university. Some institutions may accept proof that your previous degree was taught in English instead of a standardized test. Always check the specific program page for exact requirements.

How can international students find accommodation in Germany?

Search for housing early. University housing offices list dorms and shared flats, while platforms like WG-Gesucht and Immobilienscout24 are widely used for private rentals. Student groups on social media can help you find roommates or available rooms. Familiarize yourself with local rental contracts and expected costs to make the move smoother.

What health insurance options are available for international students in Germany?

Health insurance is mandatory for students. You can choose public student insurance, which is usually affordable and comprehensive, or private insurance, which may offer additional options but can cost more. Many universities partner with insurers to simplify enrollment. Compare plans and make sure your choice meets university and visa requirements.

What are the options for part-time work while studying in Germany?

International students can work part-time within legal hour limits—often up to 120 full days or 240 half days per year. Jobs include university assistant roles, retail, hospitality, and internships related to your studies. Be mindful of visa rules about work hours and balance employment with your academic workload.

How can students apply for scholarships in Germany?

Apply through university scholarship programs, DAAD calls, and private foundations. Typical applications need a motivation letter, CV, and academic transcripts. Check eligibility and deadlines carefully, and use your university’s international office for guidance. Preparing applications early and tailoring them to each funder increases your chances.

What is the process for converting a student visa to a work permit after graduation?

After graduation you can apply for an 18‑month job‑seeking residence permit. When you secure a job related to your degree, you can switch to a work permit or the EU Blue Card if you meet salary and qualification thresholds. The transition requires proof of employment, degree recognition if necessary, and health insurance—start the conversion promptly to maintain continuous legal status.

Conclusion

Studying in Germany opens doors to high-quality education, international networks, and strong career pathways. Knowing the entry requirements, realistic costs, and funding options helps you plan confidently. Use the checklists and step‑by‑step guidance here to organize your application, visa, and arrival process. Take the next step: research programs, prepare your documents, and start your application timeline today—Germany could be the next chapter in your academic and professional journey.